Romeo And Juliet Story Essays (847 words) - , Term Papers

Romeo And Juliet Story To begin with, we can see that the general circumstance is somewhat similar to a tribe or ancestral clash. Such clash can prompt social issue, slaughter or even demise. Everything start with the contention between the two family units. Later on in the play, at Act II, Scene 2 - the gathering scene, Romeo and Juliet meet and fell promptly infatuated and they shared a piece together. This is simply a question of destiny and possibility. The play is in a peak after Romeo and Juliet chose to get hitched the following day after they meet at Juliet's gallery that night. Romeo's bliss after the marriage is stood out from Tybalt's appearance which cause Mercutio's passing, Tybalt's demise, Romeo's expulsion and all the catastrophe to occur. While Romeo was ousted, Juliet is there, in her own home, trusting that Romeo will be there today around evening time to perfect their marriage. Romeo was in Friar's cell, feeling extremely vulnerable and despair, as he was unable to go to see Juliet today and he should leave for Mantua quick as a result of his expulsion. The Medical caretaker brought back awful updates on Romeo's expulsion and Tybalt's demise. From the outset, Juliet was crushed as she misconstrued Romeo is the person who is executed by Tybalt. In any case, after further addressing, Juliet then understood that Tybalt is the one who is kicked the bucket, not Romeo. She felt mitigated. Minister at long last consent to let Romeo go to the Capulet's place that night. In any case, ONLY with a mask. They shared their enthusiasm that night. Unfortunately, Romeo must leave Juliet for Mantua the following morning. Juliet had to wed Paris. She would not like to wed him, and with Friar's assistance, she drank an elixir which would make her 'pass on' for 72 hours. On that day, Friar attempted to advise Romeo about the arrangement, yet his letter didn't contact him. Rather Romeo get the unsavory news from Balthasar. Romeo at that point went to Juliet's burial chamber, he slaughtered Paris, he drank the toxin, and when Juliet woke up, she executed herself, and bite the dust as well. THE STORY In the late 1500's, in Verona, Italy. There were two extremely incredible families, the Montagues and the Capulets, who had been foes for nearly decades. At some point, the head of family unit of the Capulet family, which is Juliet's dad, chooses to toss a party and to welcome all the family members and companions of the Capulet. Being the fighting family, the Montages, obviously was not welcomed. Romeo, as the Montages, wanted to get a gander at a little youngster, Rosaline, who he was seeking after at that point. In this manner he camouflaged himself in a gathering garments and subtly slips into the party. When he headed inside, he saw no Rosaline, rather he saw an appealing young lady - Juliet. His consideration was quickly taken by the appealing young lady he saw. He began to look all starry eyed at in a split second. However, from that point forward, when Romeo discovered that Juliet was a Capulet, and the other way around, the two of them feel exceptionally frustrated. That night, Romeo subtly crawled into the nursery of the Capulet in order to want to get a brief look at Juliet. Juliet was remaining on her overhang, admitting her illegal love to the stars. Romeo heard her admission and he ventured out from the hedge which he was stowing away in. Romeo concedes his solid sentiments to Juliet and plans to wed her furtively the following day with the assistance of his companion, Friar Laurence. On the big day, both of Romeo's companions, Benvolio and Mercutio was gone up against by Juliet's cousin, Tybalt, while strolling down the avenues in Verona. Tybalt was there to get Romeo. At the point when he was unable to discover him, he began battling with Benvolio also, Mercutio. From that point onward, Romeo appears yet he would not like to battle with Tybalt since he's as of now wedded to Juliet. One of his companion Mercutio, saw that Romeo didn't go to bat for himself and couldn't get it. So Mercutio ventured out to battle for him. In any case, he was executed. Romeo couldn't control his outrage any longer. In order to vindicate the demise of his companion, Romeo slaughters Tybalt. The ruler of Verona at that point ousts Romeo away from Juliet, to another town, Mantua. Not knowing Juliet's union with Romeo, Juliet's dad, the old Capulet, chosen to wed his girl to a youngster named Paris. Not realizing what to do, Juliet counsels Friar Laurence. He advised her to consent to the marriage, however in the morning of her big day, she will drink an elixir exceptionally made by Friar Laurence to her. The mixture will

Manifest Destiny Free Essays

â€Å"Manifest Destiny† is an expression to portray the fate of the United States that significantly affected U.S. international strategy during the 1840s and 1850s. We will compose a custom paper test on Show Destiny or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now It was authored by John O’Sullivan in the article in Democratic Review in 1845 where he expounded on â€Å"†manifest fate to overspread the continent† (Wikipedia, 2006). This expression portrayed the expansionist international strategy teaching that helped America arrive at its current limits. The fundamental thought of the regulation was that the United States with its majority rule framework was from multiple points of view better than different countries. Along these lines, it was ethically obliged to extend so as to carry majority rule government and progress to new terrains around. The righteousness of the American country, its boss capacities at improvement, and the mission to create other neighboring pieces of the landmass framed the ideological reason for Manifest Destiny. Simultaneously, this belief system served various down to earth suggestions that were applicable to the US international strategy during the 1840s and 1850s. Accordingly, it underlay the strategy of continentalism that justified the development on the American mainland intending to make America stretch â€Å"from ocean to sparkling sea†. For instance, it assumed a job in the Oregon contest with Great Britain in which President Polk chose in 1844 from the outset consented to separate the state at the 49th equal, yet then a battle started, guaranteeing all Oregon to have a place with the United States. In the relations with Mexico, the topic of Manifest Destiny was considerably progressively conspicuous. The choice of the Republic of Texas in 1836 to isolate from Mexico and solicitation section to the United States was taken by numerous individuals as proof that the Untied States is in reality bound to â€Å"assemble† every single neighboring domain. Despite the fact that the Mexican-American War that began in 1846 was not fruitful in bringing all of Mexico under American principle, it in any case included California and New Mexico. For two decades, America stayed focused on satisfying its Manifest Destiny †adding different domains and bringing them as states into the association. Reference Wikipedia. Show Destiny. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifest_Destiny (got to August 22, 2006) The most effective method to refer to Manifest Destiny, Essay models Show fate Free Essays Show is a view that gives proof on the historical backdrop of America whose limits changed and made a country. Show predetermination has no ordered periods since it is a way of thinking that was and still exists. This expression endeavors to clarify the regional extensions of America and its case to new regions. We will compose a custom article test on Show predetermination or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now Reason for extension The revitalizing weep for development was advertised and contended all through the country. The principle was ingested and this was a beginning of the extension affected by Editor John L. Oa sullivan. (Jones Donald 1997) In 1818, Andrew Jackson who was the seventh leader of the United States drove military powers during the Florida emergency rebuffing the fundamental Indians and caught a few urban areas. The thinking and good protections of most Americans about their pioneer Jackson, made their soul to push to extension of the American domain. . http://www.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/show/manif1.htm Another reason was that the individuals the Deep South practiced their privilege in catching ripe land. This was on the grounds that Americans had been introduced with the conviction that they could possess any land which they needed. The show predetermination term had an implying that US fate included imperialistic extension and a need and need to investigate new grounds and outskirts. (Jones Donald 1997) There was the possibility that America ought to have been the force to be reckoned with and this become solid after the Spanish American war. The unified expressed had a solid conviction that it would catch the limits to North America. (Shenk, 2004) (Jones Donald 1997) Strategy for extension With the requirement for ripe land Americans moved to Florida and in the Deep South, the grower class subsequently took land and began setting and planting. This was a presumptuous move into the Florida domains since they didn't look for political endorsement or consent. The thought is as old as America and the way of thinking went over the Atlantic to pioneer and finished in the Plymouth Rock with the travelers. This way of thinking additionally spread during the Great Awakening with fire and brimstone ministers. In the spread of show predetermination thoughts Roosevelt, Harrison and Captain Mahan were expansionists who pushed for the production of America yet these thoughts were contradicted by Grover Cleveland, Andrew Carnegie and Mark Twain. http://www.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/show/manif1.htm As new domains were framed, the development additionally included expanding the organization of subjection since in this way was a focal issue of America as a missiona. John Quincy Adams coordinated the 1818 arrangement, which settled standing limits of the US and UK toward the west of Rocky Mountains with joint control of the Oregon nation. He likewise bought Florida from Spain stretching out the fringe to the Pacific Ocean. (Jarnow, 2005) The U.S government needed to extend in toward the west and this would mean the lawful procedures of buying of Native America land in arrangements. The extension toward the west was a triumph since the arrangement which was figured by Henry Knox had the arrangement for such a development. (Jones Donald 1997) In the 1896 political decision, republicans recovered the white house for a long time and this advanced abroad extension on the North American mainland. This happened because of the Guano islands act, Spanish American war and settlement of Berlin among others. The United States procured Guam, Puerto Rico and Philippines Island as provinces instead of as states. (Jarnow, 2005 ). http://www.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/show/manif1.htm Cost of development Because of the development there were a few wars, for example, the war on Mexico in 1846. The forceful demonstration with the war caused the American common war. The Spanish America war made officials attach every Spanish domain. John Quincy Adams gave an admonition through the Monroe precept which he detailed. This regulation cautioned against the European colonization of the western side of the equator which incorporates London, England and the United Kingdom. Quiet and fierce endeavors were seen in the American Revolution with an objective of remembering Canada for the US. http://www.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/show/manif1.htm Consequence of development The war came about in to a success of the southwestern United States. With the overcoming of new grounds and fringes, good, social, social and financial contrasts started to show themselves among individuals, states and nations included. The extension through fine and brimstones evangelist prompted working of the main national street. (Michael, 1997) Further more with the extension from 1815 to 1860; the United States had extended to the Pacific Ocean and fills in as mainland fringes in the United States today. With the Anglo American show of 1818, a great many Americans moved over the Oregon Trail. The British dismissed a proposition in which John Tyler needed to have forty nine equal limits in the locale. The British required a limit line further south along the Columbia River. There were various conclusions that discovered pushed of Manifest fate requiring the addition of Oregon nation. The democrats were for the possibility of extension of all Oregon at the hour of presidential appointment of James K. Polk. Polk who was a presidential competitor offered to separate the domain to 49 equal limits. Then the argument about the division of the area was at long last settled with the Oregon arrangement of 1846.( shenk,2004)(Richard 1991) . http://www.let.rug.nl/~usa/E/show/manif1.htm At the point when the sovereign state in the republic of Texas announced autonomy from Mexico in 1836, and joined the unified expressed as another state. Extension of all Mexico implied stretching out the United States citizenship to Mexicans. The Mexican cession saw the expansion of the Alta California and Nuevo Mexico regions to the United States. The American war of freedom was a common war that included the realm of Great Britain and North American provinces. (McCartney 1992) (Salzman, 1986) European wars prompted American Revolution and a mainland armed force. The west ward extension made a 4000 mile outskirt between the United States and Canada which likewise servers as the most tranquil limit on the planet. (Jarnow, 2005), (Richard, 1991), (Feldman, 2004) The Pacific Northwest was an extension because of an American John Jacob Astron who opened an exchanging post named Astoria at the mouth of the Columbia River. The Louisiana Purchase was the securing of 828,000 assistant miles of French region by the United States of America. This buy included 15 U.S states and 2 Canadian territories Oklahoma Panhandle and south western parts of Kansas and Louisiana were still asserted by Spain and there were grumbles that it was unlawful. Accordingly Jefferson bought Louisiana since France and Spain needed to have capacity to square American exchange access to the port of New Orleans. (Michael, 1997) (Feldman, 2004) The development and settlement in the western domains offered opportunity to boundless land. With the soul of show fate Americans settled, planted and did cultivating exercises in the Indian land. Show fate was the explanation behind regional extension and settlement in tremendous tracks of land that were inadequately populated. Show predetermination made American history and is additionally answerable for its freedom and extension. (Fainthearted, 2003) End The occasions that happened during the late and mid eighteenth hundreds of years in United States got division American legislative issues. This was es

A) How successful has the government of the Irish Republic been in Essay

A) How fruitful has the administration of the Irish Republic been in running it's economy in the course of the most recent three years b) Describe and assess the fundamental full scale econo - Essay Example â€Å"Because Ireland is a little nation, FDI The lodging market caused assisted with supporting development in the ongoing years as lodging speculation has reached practically 16% of GNI, however the market has turned since 2006.on the premise GNI development is required to decrease from 5% in 2007 to 3% in 2008. The lodging market shortcoming additionally affected seriously on expanding the pace of joblessness from 4% in 2006, to 5.5% in 2008. Ireland delighted in marvelous development in charge incomes over the previous years yet this is influenced by the monetary declining, the administration excess of 3.5% of GNI has decreased in to .5% in 2007due to the lower property related receipts the genuine government consumption has extended quickly In the year 2005, Ireland’s work rates diminished from 14% to 4%, because of the development in GDP. In any case, in the year 2006 the joblessness rate expanded to 4.4% Ireland faces an issue of maintainability from different nations in view of the age hole in populace matured more than 65, identifying with working age populace .the present framework will unreasonable even with the national benefits support The development rate in GDP has arrived at 10%from 1997 to 2000; which in 2005 has reached $169 billion, over the normal of EU 25. Be that as it may, since year 2006 Ireland’s monetary development began to back off, because of the lower speculation spending and increasingly moderate utilization, which is 5.6%, in 2007 at 4.7% and it is anticipated to hinder further in the coming years. In the previous years monetary action stay solid by the solid residential interest yet it is currently facilitating in the short advance ought to be taken to draw in the remote venture. In the more extended run, more grounded profitability development and proceeded with increment in support rates will be expected to continue a quick pace of genuine salary development. The moseying movement has hinder government incomes and a sharp drop in the monetary excess

Business Finance Measuring Cashflow at Risk

Question: Depict about the Business Finance for Measuring Cashflow at Risk? Answer: Presentation Occasion Planners Ltd. carry on the matter of arranging the occasions for the customers, for example, weddings, birthday events, and so on. It is a recently settled business with just two investors. In the main year of the business, the organization is in misfortune with significant liquidity issues as the ledger has an overdraft balance and the organization can't pay loan bosses on schedule. The organization has delegated a director to carry on the matter of the organization. In any case, the chiefs feels that he is utilizing assets of the organization wildly and his demonstrations are not in light of a legitimate concern for the organization. Contrast between Cashflow Profits for the business Capital is the distinction between the money got during the year and the money utilized during the year. Benefit is the income from the offer of merchandise administrations, regardless of whether got in real money or yet to be gotten less all the costs made during the year whether really paid or yet to be paid. Benefit isn't equivalent to the Cashflow during the year. Business can be in misfortune and simultaneously positive Cashflow. So also, there might be negative Cashflow and business is as yet making great benefit. (Bizfilings, 2012) For an effective business, there must be a harmony between both the Cashflow benefit. (Sharma, 1996) Significance of Cash Profits for the business endurance Benefit making is the main role of the business. It is an essential piece of business, however benefit isn't the main reason for the presence of the business. For the endurance of business benefit is basic, as benefit has its own capacity in the business endurance. Benefit is required to pay the financial specialists and partners as return for the speculation of cash or time they put resources into the business. Benefit is required for the running, extension, development and improvement of business. Benefit likewise go about as a budgetary pointer of how well business is functioning. Money assumes a significant job in the endurance of the business. A business in misfortune can get by for short to medium term in the event that it is producing enough money. As money is required for paying of any stuff. What's more, no business can get by without enough money to meet its prompt needs. Simultaneously holding abundance money is additionally of no utilization. It will be lost potential profit. Along these lines, the liquidity ought to be kept up in any business to deal with the parity of money in the business according to the business necessity. Recognize and clarify why business can report a benefit, however be shy of money. Benefits and sources of income are identified with one another. They are the budgetary estimation of the business. They are not legitimately identified with one another, both delineate distinctive thing about the business. Capital estimates the business capacity to pay its costs while benefit quantifies the supportability of the business. Income is the money balance subsequent to considering all the money receipts and deducting money payme/nts for the period. Though, benefit is the aftereffect of reasoning of cost for procuring the income from the income. For the bookkeeping reason, a pay cost is perceived uniquely in that period for which it really happens, regardless of whether got or paid in real money or not. (Vranceanu, 2014) For instance, an organization sold the products worth 100$, somewhat on layaway, for example 50 $ will be gotten following multi month and 50$ now at the hour of offer. Costs are payed off $ 45 and exceptional costs are for 15$. For ascertaining benefit for the period= Revenue less Expenses = 100$ (Total Sales) 60$ (Total Expenses) = 40$ For ascertaining Cashflow for the period = Cash inflow less Cash surge = 50 $ (Cash receipt) 45$ (Cash installment) = 5$ For this situation, the organization has a sufficient benefit, yet short money. This distinction in the benefit and money is predominantly because of timing contrasts. For computing benefit, the organization centers around when the benefit is earned and costs acquired legitimately, without considering the money position. They follow accumulation premise of bookkeeping. For computing money, the organization possibly centers around when money is really gotten and paid, without thinking about when it is really earned or brought about. Outcomes to a business of being shy of money Money is the blood of the business. It goes about as help to the business. Lack of money in a business can hurt it numerous ways. For example, Late installment to banks, which lead to wrong picture in the market and lessen the progression of material or merchandise. Short money will make liquidity issue in the business. On the off chance that the business is shy of money, at that point it will make emergency kind circumstance like how to pay for costs, how to buy crude material, how to build up the business and so forth. Money deficiency will prompt poor market picture and furthermore influence the altruism of the business. A parity of money is required in the business. Since money is expected to gain benefit for the business. Satisfactory money is required to pay to representatives and providers and different costs. With the goal that products can be delivered and benefit can be created by selling those merchandise. On the off chance that business is shy of money than it will be not able to create benefit. Along these lines, business is to be overseen in such a manner to have positive income for the development and improvement of the business. Liquidity and gainfulness qualities of new business rather than long standing business. Business have distinctive necessity in its various stages. Another business will have greater liquidity when contrasted with long standing business. With respect to new business more money is required for introductory arrangement and for the acquisition of assets to maintain the business. As this is the developing period of the business, it will require greater liquidity for the development and improvement of the business. For the long standing business, a sufficient liquidity is required, yet not high as the business is as of now set ready for action. In this way, it need liquidity just for smooth running of the business. At the underlying phase of business, it will have low benefit. As the business is attempting to set up, building clients and altruism in the market. If there should be an occurrence of long standing business, there will be higher productivity. As the business has developed upto a level to give great returns and have high benefit. (Sasaki, 2015) How Cashflow issues can emerge Income issue emerges because of following reasons: Low Profits Lower benefit by and large lead to capital issues for the business. Over Investment When more money is put resources into the apparatus or hardware that required. This abundance limit won't produce income, so it is a misuse of money. Abundance stock-Holding of overabundance stock than the necessary amount for smooth working of business is only a misuse of money and furthermore lead to the danger of stock become obsoltee. Higher credit period-Selling products using a credit card is a decent method of deals advancement. In any case, giving high credit period will prompt lack of money in the business. Growing fastly Business in extending quick, so it will require more assets for the business. It will make a deficiency of money in the business. Declining deals - Reduction in the turnover of the business lead to a decrease in the money receipt. So lack in real money emerge. Over the top obligation Excess of obligation lead to the utilization of significant money in the installment of obligation and deficiency in real money emerge. High capital Expenditure - Higher capital consumption will prompt higher income and case money decrease. Strategies for managing income issues Following are the strategies for managing the capital issues: Cost cutting This is the best strategy for managing an income issue by diminishing the superfluous expenses of the business. This will help in lessening money outpourings for the business. Decrease in stocks Reduction in the money tied up in the crude material and products by requesting just least merchandise or crude material required for maintaining the business. This will lessen the money use in the stock. Late installments to providers - Try to build the credit time frame for making installment to the providers. This will diminish the money occupied with the business. Decrease in the credit time frame offered to the client - Selling products using a loan is a decent method of deals advancement. In any case, giving high credit period will prompt deficiency of money in the business. So by diminishing the credit time frame will permit more trade inflow out the business. Postponement in the development and extension plans - Delay of the extension plan of the business for what's to come. This will deffer the money outpouring from now and diminish money emergency. Expanding the selling cost Increase in selling cost will build the money inflow in the business and decrease money emergency. Income Management A legitimate administration of the money outpouring and inflows will help in keeping up required money in the business by appropriate arranging the money inflows and surges. By keeping the income gauge to stay arranged for future surges ahead of time and oversee income issues. (Stein, 2001) References 1. Stein, J, C, Usher, S, E, LaGattuta, D Youngen, J 2001, A comparables way to deal with estimating income in danger for non money related firms, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, vol. 13 , no. 4 , pp. 100-09. 2. Sharma, D 1996, Analyzing the Statement of Cashflows, Australian Accounting Review, vol. 6 , no. 12 , pp. 37-44. 3. Morley, S 2002, The Financial Appraisal of Development Projects, in Development and Developers: Perspectives on Property, Blackwell Science Ltd, UK. 4. Vranceanu, R 2014, Corporate benefit, enterprise hypothesis and business morals, Business Ethics: An European Review, vol. 23 , no. 1 , pp. 50-68. 5. Ang, A Liu, J 2004, How to limit capital with time changing anticipated return, The Journal Of Finance, vol. 59 , no. 6 , pp. 2745-83.6. Earthy colored, C Burrows, G 2003, Risk-Adjusted Discount Rates and Projects of Unequal Lives Australian Accounting Review, vol. 13 , no. 29 , pp. 57-65. 7. Sasaki, T 2015, The Effects of Liquidity Shocks on Corporate Investments and Cash Holdings: Evide

Communication Challenges to Modern Day Business Essay

Correspondence is characterized as the way toward moving data and importance among senders and beneficiaries, utilizing at least one composed, oral, visual or electronic channels. Basically, correspondence is the trading of data between individuals. It is imperative to get criticism from your crowd and the other way around for the procedure of correspondence to occur viably. The criticism can be either positive or negative. It is any correspondence utilized in an association with an aim to advance an item, improve administration or with the aim to make a deal. This kind of correspondence additionally happens inside the association between the administration and representatives. It has direction and a ton of consideration is given to the subtleties. Business correspondence has experienced a great deal of change because of the development of data innovation that has changed the entire idea of correspondence. Previously, organizations had a model of correspondence that generally ruled out connection and discussion with the recipient of the message. As of now the model that works and is presently utilized by most associations is one that offers space to both discussion and communication with the recipients. Correspondence is indispensable in any association. Like blood in our bodies, the channel offers life to the association and without it, associations would not be utilitarian. Compelling correspondence assumes a huge job in the achievement of the business, as correspondence attempts to send data, control conduct and rouse laborers. Today there are a lot a larger number of approaches to convey than there were only a couple of years back and access to specialized gadgets is practically all inclusive in many organizations. Great correspondence implies the planned message that is send is gotten by a gathering of crowd with no twists in importance. This definition applies to individual correspondence among companions or family members, yet to business circumstances where you might be speaking with a collaborator one-on-one or in a gathering with a few or more individuals. The key here is lucidity Communication is additionally practically momentary. Great business correspondence is basic and handily comprehended, a standard regularly disregarded by chiefs and colleagues. This is particularly significant while setting up a record, discourse or introduction that is a distinct advantage for the organization. Straightforward and succinct language prevails upon language that is inhumane and difficult to comprehend. Business correspondence characterizes most associations, bringing about compelling showcasing efforts, profitable relational connections among colleagues and fruitful client assistance goals. Since crowds request various types of interchanges in various circumstances and settings, powerful business correspondence experts see how to tailor messages for greatest outcomes. A few correspondence moves exist inside everyday business tasks, particularly with innovation. Innovation benefits hierarchical correspondence by lifting correspondence limitations brought about by time and separation. Simultaneously, the expulsion of time and separation as correspondence factors has prompted the difficulties of data over-burden and steady openness. The issue of steady availability has prompted obscuring of the lines among individual and expert lives. There are a few hindrances: Emotion fills in as an impediment to successful correspondence, as feeling can meddle with settling on normal choices. Contrasts in culture can be a correspondence challenge for universal organizations. Not understanding the language and customs of different societies can prompt poor deals and open connection fiascos. There are various perceived obstructions in the current correspondence, a considerable lot of which go unnoticed, that can and do impact the measures of correspondence an individual feels great with. Physical hindrances are regularly down to the idea of the earth where correspondence may happen however are not constantly deciphered by the beneficiary in the right house. For instance an office entryway being shut could connote to a colleague that somebody wouldn't like to be troubled, or is perhaps feeling awful, though the inhabitant of the workplace could have shut the entryway because of a breeze or didn’t close the entryway them self by any stretch of the imagination. This is a case of distortion of activities achieved by the physical boundary of the entryway. Boundaries like this can regularly introduce the danger of an expanding influence; in that the boundary in this circumstance could harm the recipients’ view of the source by causing the beneficiary to feel pariah or shut out by the occupant of the workplace, which would set up the standings of an awful open relationship. Issues in correspondence can be upset when the essential mechanics of the specialized strategy are harmed straightforwardly.

Good News, Bad News - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Good News, Bad News - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Good News, Bad News I have some good news and some bad news from the UGA Admissions Blog, so I will break it out into multiple notes in this post. Good News: Over the next three years, UGA will be updating the old Student Information System from our current system (which is becoming hard to program/repair) to a new one, Banner (which all the other colleges in the GA System use). Bad News: This is a complicated process, and it will take about 1.5-2 years to make the shift from the old system to the new one for admissions. Good News: For the next 1.5-2 years (starting within the next month or so), I will be the team lead for the UGA Admissions Office for the Banner implementation project. Bad News: I will have to devote about 90% of my time to getting the new system up and running, and I will not be able to give much time/energy to managing this blog and the associated twitter account. Good News: Lindsey Whitaker, an Assistant Director of Admissions in our office, will be the main person working on the blog. She has done some monitoring and answering of questions in the past, and has worked with students in a variety of areas in our office. Bad News: When I started this blog about three years ago, it took me a while to get things running smoothly, to figure out the comment system, etc., so please be patient as Lindsey transitions into this role. In addition, she also has other responsibilities, so please be kind. Good News: It is always great to have a different point of view on some things, so I am sure that Lindsey will be able to give some new insights into the Admissions Process. Good News: The UGA Admissions Office will still be focused on giving you detailed, up-to-date information, and in making the decision process as transparent and open as possible. I am sure the next few years will go well, and I will check back in from time to time to help answer questions or give suggestions! Go Dawgs!

I Need Help With My Essay Writing

Why should a student make statements like, â€Å"I need help with my essay writing?† What should prompt a vastly gifted scholar to think that essay writing is a punishment and difficult? The answer does not lie in the difficulty of the essays or the lack of genius or intelligence among students. This article is going to explore some of the issues that make essay writing a challenging task and how you can overcome those difficulties by embracing good essay writing tips. Reasons why you find writing a good essay a challenge Wasted time on social media For you to excel in any academic discipline, you need to dedicate time to it. If you don’t have time to prepare for something, you will definitely fail in that thing. It is regrettably sad to say that one of the biggest time thieves in the lives of many students is social media platforms where they waste their precious time trying to catch up with their so-called â€Å"followers† and â€Å"friends† whom they know by face only. Such wasted time does not just deny them in-depth commitment to their studies, but also they lose a huge chunk of their ability to approach matters objectively based on principle. On the contrary, they develop an unhealthy instinct towards subjectivity that looks at issues superficially based on mob psychology and what the masses â€Å"like.† Wanting to impress the supervisor The other reason why essay writing seems hard to many students is that they have misplaced priorities. It is true that your lecturers have a place in your essay. But you don’t write to impress your teachers, but rather, to develop your ability to reason through things analytically and critically. Setting unrealistic expectations This reason has nothing to do with whether setting expectations is right or wrong. It has all to do with the balance you place on what you expect from your assignments at every given moment in time. The fact that your roommate got an A doesn’t mean you too should kill yourself to get one tomorrow. You need to know that you are in college to develop your skills progressively and not to achieve overnight feats in essay writing. Failing to play as per the rules Another reason why essay writing is hard to some students leading to their constant need for essay writing help is their failure to abide by the instructions their instructors give them. As long as you don’t know how to abide by the guidelines for every piece of assignment, you will never reap the best out of your papers. The next section will now walk you through the ten most powerful tips to help with writing an essay. 10 Insightful tips to writing a good essay This part will show you some of the ideas that will bolster your ability to write compelling essays that will not just give you good grades, but also develop your writing prowess. Originality The first key that will unlock your potential for writing top class essays is your originality. The reason here is that the essence of all essay assignment is to gauge your ability to research, analyze, critique, and synthesize other people’s ideas and then coming up with your own original version. If you have not mastered how to take one original thought or sentence and then draft it into three paragraphs, that is the reason you run out of ideas along the way. Get motivated before writing and if you are not motivated, learn how to do it Even though essay writing is not fiction or creative writing where you depend on your imagination to flare up with internal inspiration, you still need a certain level of motivation to do your essay. That is why you need to ensure that you write your essay when you are motivated. If you find yourself facing an assignment and you lack the psyche to do it, tap into your internal reservoirs to find out what is interesting and intriguing about the topic at hand. Look for challenges to stretch your limits This point is a remedy to one of the problems we had seen in the previous section where students write to please their professors. You need to approach your research work with the desire to learn something that you have not known before, and not just what will impress your instructors. You should remember that your professor has been where you are before hence they are the last people who will get mesmerized with your research. That is why you have to put yourself at the center and ask yourself how you are going to blow off the lid of your current knowledge base regarding the topic at hand. Allow it to tell a story Even though you don’t need to make every paper a narrative essay, you need to integrate it with the principles of storytelling. This way, you will allow your professor and readers to understand what your journey and experience were as you researched and wrote the paper. It should indirectly show what you stumbled upon and how it also tumbled on and overthrew your previous assumptions leading to the adoption of new discoveries paradigms. Mind your sources Remember my favorite principle of source and resource. This law says that â€Å"The quality of a resource is just as good or as weak as that of its source.† If you are writing a paper, you need to make sure that you enrich it with credible sources. Remember, a rotten mango fruit will produce rotten mango juice. Follow the best order of drafting If you want to write your essay well, it is not a must for you to draft the introduction first and conclusion last. You could as well write the body first. Why? Because that is where the â€Å"meat† and gist of your paper lies. After writing this section, it is easy to draft the intro and conclusion because these two parts are cousins that borrow from and summarize what you have already discussed in the body sections. Answer the three big questions adequately Every good essay must answer the how, why, and what questions. Make sure that it addresses these queries well by showing the reader what you are discussing, why it is important to them, and in which way it is vital to them. If these answers are missing, then you have not written a great essay yet. You can write â€Å"in cycles† Even though your paper needs to flow logically, you can draft it in cycles by moving from one idea to another. Remember, your readers will not read your original draft, but rather, the revised one. That is why in the process of drafting if you feel that there are more flow and inspiration moving from one idea to another, you can still draft them that way then rearrange them later. By approaching it in such a spontaneous way, you will be better placed to capture every idea on paper in its crude form before it â€Å"evaporates.† Know which words to avoid Not every English word you like is good for your essay writing process. You should take note of all the first person pronouns such as me, myself, we, and us so as to avoid them. These words are grammatically correct but not appropriate for use in formal paper writing. Also, you need to avoid using any clichà © and slang in your essays. Remember, you are not writing to your buddies or classmates hence you should remain as formal as possible. Be an early bird Lastly, you need to be an early bird to catch the worm. Don’t approach your assignment in a hurry. No matter how much good research material you have gathered or how intelligent you think you are, make sufficient time to write your essays. The same why you budget your time to research and brainstorm your topics, you should dedicate enough time to draft your paper when you are settled. If you try to do it any other way, you are going end up writing the wrong things or forgetting to include all the best material you gathered. If you are fatigued, better postpone the writing until when you are mentally and physically fresh to do the right thing. Closing remarks This article has shown you all you need to know about the challenges that stand in the way of many students. It has discussed some of the reasons why you may end up writing an essay that does not reflect your true potential. Now you are better placed to avoid them so that every time you don’t need to keep saying â€Å"I need someone to write my essay† while you can maximize your potential and do it. Additionally, you have come to terms with some of the most powerful tips that will empower you to enhance your essay writing skills. So, learn from them and run with them to your next level of proficiency in handling your essay assignments.

Fate Vs. Free Will - 2263 Words

Ancient Greek Mythology has one side on fate vs free will. They feel as though you have no ultimate choice and fate will always be your destiny. However, that does not mean everyone follows their destined path until death. In Homer’s The Iliad, fate and destiny as the final outcomes of a person’s life, however, at some points you wonder if a person’s destiny falls directly in the decisions made by someone. Hektor and Achilles both had choices, but ultimately believed they must follow their destiny. In Beowulf, fate generally pulls out in the deciding factor of one’s destiny. It is fate that makes the legend he is. He goes through every challenge knowing that fate will be on his side. However, he showed free-will when he decided to help out Grendel. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, free-will was shown on a few occasions including Sir Gawain stepping up to play the game with the Green Knight. He decided his life was not more important than King Arthur. Th e Green Knight showed free-will by not killing Sir Gawain when he was supposed to. Le Morte d’Arthur began driven by fate. Arthur was fated to become king when he pulled that sword from the rock. Hamlet on the other hand does not accept his own fate and wants to make his own decisions on life. In the Duchess of Malfi, the Duchess breaks her fate path to be with someone she loved. Ferdinand, on the other hand, was born being stuck with fate do to something wrong with his brain that made him crazy. While some people believeShow MoreRelatedFate vs Free Will1663 Words   |  7 PagesOedipus The King: Fate Vs. Free Will The ancient Greek writer, Sophocles suggests that while there are factors beyond mankind’s control that we have the power to make choices that affect our destiny. In his play, Oedipus the King, Sophocles makes it quite clear that although everyone is born with a fate, you have the ability to alter its direction and toll. The main character of the play, Oedipus, is based on the way Sophocles portrays the equilibrium between fate and freewill, and shows theRead MoreFate Vs. Free Will988 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the scottish tragedy Macbeth, William Shakespeare plays with the concept of fate versus free will in the the title character, Macbeth. This internal conflict is sparked and continued by the presence of the witches; three old hags whose primary purpose is presumably to serve evil. The three witches are in control of Macbeth throughout the play by incanting prophecies that ultimately remove Macbeth’s free will. Shakespeare chooses the witches to serve as th e stimulant for Macbeth’s unethicalRead MoreMacbeth: Fate vs. Free Will1718 Words   |  7 PagesFate vs. Free Will 11th of January 2013 Throughout the ages, it has been believed that fate has the power to forge one’s destiny. By some uncontrollable force, the outcome of a person’s choices is controlled by the way in which they are destined to occur. On the other hand though, some believe these choices can defy fate and that fate only manipulates ones mind into choosing their own path. One question that seemed to pop into my head through out this play was whether individuals were victims ofRead MoreFrankenstein Fate vs Free Will857 Words   |  4 Pagesgives the reader is the power of Fate versus Free Will. Victor is found by Robert Walton in the artic while Victor is trying to capture a monster that he has created. Victor flashes back to his past and tells Robert how he created the monster and how the monster killed off his family. He warns Robert about many things by telling him how he reacted and why he reacted that way. Throughout the entire book, the main character Victor Frankenstein, says tha t it was his fate to create the monster and toRead MoreMacbeth: Fate vs Free Will Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesFate vs Free Will is one of the most oft used literary techniques in writing. It is never more evident than in Shakespeare’s play Macbeth. The major theme of the story Macbeth is whether or not the story is fueled by the free will of Macbeth, or by his fate. Are the events in Macbeth a result of his mentality and outlook on life, or were they going to happen no matter what? Almost every major event that takes place can be traced back to this question. It can be viewed in different ways, and mostRead MoreMacbeth Fate Vs Free Will2019 Words   |  9 Pageshaunting and ominous play The Tragedy of Macbeth offers many topics of discussion and debate about human nature such as fate versus free will. This plays a rather large role in the story. However. even though this story seems to be of a pre-destined nature everyone always has the freedom of choice and control over oneself s thoughts and actions. In this story Macbeth chose his fate. In the beginning of the play Macbeth is introduced to the audience or reader as a warrior and hero of the people, countryRead MoreJulius Caesar : Fate Vs. Free1298 Words   |  6 Pagesicons. Others might say Bill Gates vs. Steve Jobs because they were different as apples and oranges, yet they had much in common because they both created and dreamed of the idea of a personal computer. But is it possible that fate vs. free will spark an idea in peoples’ brains? Maybe. This essay will be focusing on that relationship and balance in one famous piece of work. In William Shakespeare’s tragedy, Julius Caesar, Julius Caesar proved that fate and free will maintain a tug-of-war situationRead MoreFate Vs Free Will In Shakespeares Macbeth1260 Words   |  6 PagesRegarding â€Å"real world† scenarios, the â€Å"fate vs. free will† debate has long been disputed, but humanity has never come to a verdict on whether human actions are determined by fate or free will. Shakespeare’s Macbeth involves aspects like equivocation and supernatural forces to build on this idea and its pertinence to Macbeth’s tragic downfall. Macbeth is presented with three central prophecies from the witches concerning his seemingly royal destiny at the beginning of the play and again near theRead MoreAn Analysis of Fate vs. Free Will in the Theban Plays1392 Words   |  6 PagesAn Analysis of Fate vs. Free Will in the Theban Plays When Teiresias asks in Antigone (line 1051), What prize outweighs the priceless worth of prudence? he strikes (as usual) to the heart of the matter in Sophocles Theban Plays. Sophocles dramatizes the struggle between fate and free will, in one sense, but in another sense the drama might be better understood as the struggle between the will of the goods (which it is prudent to follow, according to Teiresias) and mans will (which is oftenRead MoreFate vs. Free Will in Julius Caesar933 Words   |  4 PagesCaesar, two interesting forces, fate and free will, are shown competing for prominence over the other. Fate was exemplified in the many prophecies and omens the characters viewed throughout the play. Free will was the characters abilities to overcome and defeat their fate. Many characters have struggles with the power of their free will overcoming their fate, namely Caesar, Cassius, and Brutus. Although in the end all three of those characters succumb to their fate, Shakespeare shows that there is

Visual Learning Style Traits and Strategies

Are you one of those people who closes your eyes to envision the exact location of where you left your car keys? Do you bring up mental imagery when youre trying to remember what you did last Tuesday afternoon? Do you remember the cover of every book youve ever read? Do you have a photographic or near-photographic memory? Perhaps you are one of those people with the visual learning style. What is Visual Learning Style? Visual Learning is one of the three different learning styles popularized by Neil D. Fleming in his VAK model of learning. The visual learning style means that people need to see information to learn it, and this seeing takes many forms from spatial awareness, photographic memory, color/tone, brightness/contrast, and other visual information. Naturally, a classroom is a very good place for a visual learner to learn. Teachers use overheads, the chalkboard, pictures, graphs, maps, and many other visual items to entice a visual learner into knowledge. Strengths of Visual Learners Visual learners typically do well in a modern classroom setting. After all, there are just so many visuals in classrooms  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  whiteboards, handouts, photos, and so on. These students have many strengths that can boost their performances in school. Here are just a few of the strengths of this learning type: Instinctively follows directionsEasily visualizes objectsHas a great sense of balance and alignmentIs an excellent organizerHas a strong sense of color, and is very color-orientedCan see the passage from a page in a book in his or her mindNotices minute similarities and differences between objects and people easilyCan envision imagery easily Visual Learning Strategies for Students If you are a visual learner, you may find these things helpful when sitting in class or studying for a test. Visual learners need things in front of them to help solidify them in their brains, so dont try to go it alone when listening to lectures or studying for your next midterm. Be sure to integrate these tips into your study routine: Color-code your notes, vocabulary words, and textbookBe sure to read the diagrams, maps, and other visuals that go along with text to help you remember itMake to-do lists in an agendaStudy in solitude. You need to see things to remember them and often, any noise will distract you.Take notes during lectures to capitalize on your learning styleSit near the front so youre better able to see everythingUse outlines and concept maps to organize your notes Visual Learning Strategies for Teachers Students with the visual learning style make up about 65 percent of your class. These students are the ones traditional classrooms are designed to teach. They will pay attention to your overhead slides, whiteboard, Smartboard, PowerPoint presentations, handouts, graphs, and charts. They will usually take good notes and will appear to be paying attention during class. If you use a lot of verbal directions without visual cues, visual learners may get confused, as they prefer to have something in writing to refer to. Try these strategies for reaching those students with the visual learning type: Supplement verbal lectures with a handout, diagram, or other visualsIncorporate color into your presentations, the classroom, and handoutsGive written instructions and expectationsVary your reading in class with solitary reading time so visual learners will take in the information better.Vary your instructional methods (lectures, group work, solitary work, pairs, circles) and assignments so every learner is challengedShow your students how to complete a task instead of just telling your students how to complete a task.Show students how to make great vocabulary flashcardsUse video and still images to enhance your presentationsProvide written feedback on assignments

The Top Five ACT Apps

Are You A Clone Business - 918 Words

Are You a Clone Business? Every day, entrepreneurs invest huge amounts of time and money to build what they think is a better mousetrap. However, all too often the entrepreneur struggles to articulate how his value proposition is fundamentally different. While many play around the edges with minor tweaks, they are fundamentally what I call clone businesses. While there is room in the market for these businesses, the clone business will be just another participant in a red ocean where margins are frequently squeezed to the breaking point for all but the best managed businesses. Clone businesses with overall little differentiation from their competitors (such as janitorial companies, drywall contractors, etc.) essentially hang their success on the belief that other business owners are more or less incompetent. Literally, they are banking on everyone around them being â€Å"worse than them† rather than being â€Å"better† in some new way. When you are clone business, you are a commodity, and when you are a commodity, the only real point of differentiation is your price. Price is poor value proposition as there is always someone out there willing to undercut your price and drive themselves out of business faster than you. Even a business that entirely transforms a industry and is considered truly disruptive is not radically different in the end. For instance, look at the business and economic model of a mini mill that uses recycles steel vs. iron ore. Another example is a cell phoneShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Cloning1445 Words   |  6 Pageshave a negative side to it. The process of cloning plants is so simple that there are even guides on the internet which show you how to do it step by step. It is not a very controversial subject because there is really no downside other than the fact that some people have learned how to clone illegal substances to help grow plants faster and easier. Ultimately, as long as you are cloning plants that are good for the environment, it is a good idea because it helps with the research we need to take broaderRead More Reproducibility Of Man Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesVirginia comes the discussion on if this practice should really be allowed, and if so, wh at limits do you set? How can you look in the eyes of people who have had there family members pass away because the cloning of pigs for their organs have been outlawed. But what do you say when it comes to the question of just raising humans, lets say in a â€Å"human farm†, for exact organ and tissue matches. Where do you draw the line on the recreation of things from our past? After finding the perfectly preserved woolyRead MoreEssay about Another Chance Of Life774 Words   |  4 Pages Another Chance of Life Can there be another you? The answer is no, but by human cloning you can reproduce an offspring that grows into an exact genetically double of you. All of us want to prolong the lives of our loved ones and have a healthy newborn baby. Many infertility couples wanted to have a baby that is genetically theirs, not from adopting a child from a different family background. In the cloning technology, eggs or sperms would not be needed to be conceived by a person because any cellRead MoreMarket Segmentation : Customer s Needs, Wants And Resistances923 Words   |  4 Pageswhose projects were killed, were appreciative. Jobs wanted to relocate good minds for essential developing of main products. 5. Getting the company out of other business such as printers and servers Jobs couldn’t understand why company going to ship a million and not make money on these. He proposed that he will get out of printer business and just let to HP do it. He also cancelled the Newton, the personal digital assistant with the almost good handwriting-recognition system. The ability to focusRead MoreTaking a Look at Human Cloning1067 Words   |  4 Pagesmeans to intervene in the God’s business; in other words, to rebel against the God. To demonstrate, considering the belief that the God created the human beings and is the only one who can create human beings, it is completely unacceptable and unethical to clone humans. Secondly, cloned humans would be excluded from the society and exposed to a strict discrimination which causes a global chaos in the world. For instance, according to â€Å"Cloning† by Devolder, â€Å"clones may be the victims of unjustifiedRead MoreThe Short Story Marionettes, Inc.949 Words   |  4 Pageswork and day-to-day activities easier. With technology, people can travel to different places and communicate with people that are not close by. Technology is used to help advance our daily lives. Having technology is a privilege but when you abuse the privilege you bring forth a dreadful outcome. The short story â€Å"Marionettes, Inc.† shows how technology is a great tool and a privilege to have. It was used to help Braling deal with a situation that he didn’t want to deal with. Braling was â€Å"married toRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana1365 Words   |  6 Pagesthe US do so largely online and will not publicly disclose their physical address or other contact information. As a grower, before you can begin growing your marijuana, you’ll have to procure the right seeds or the right clones. Seeds are typically easier for the novice grower and you do not need a source that has a ready made plant; such as the case with clones. Global cannabis strains come in either a pure form or in a number of hybrid forms of the cannabis genus plant. These hybrids strainsRead MoreHuman Manipulation Of Genetic Transfer And Its Biological Implications Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pagescodes for the protein beta-lacto globulin is silenced therefore there is no more beta-lacto globulin protein expression. Another technique used to produce daisy the cow was cloning using the Somatic cell nuclear transfer technique. Cloning is where you produce a genetically identical organism. The somatic cell nuclear transfer technique is a laboratory technique for creating an ovum but with a donor nucleus. For daisy the cow this was used so that a cow lacking the beta-lacto globulin protein couldRead MoreThe Fall of Ibm1710 Words   |  7 Pagesthe art solutions that leverage IBM’s industry and business process industries. Problems During the mainframe system era, IBM’s competitors began selling cheaper and high performing IBM compatible central processing units that posed a threat to the company. Entry of Japanese competitors posed a threat to IBM because they had the technical capability to build a powerful computer that matched IBM’s mainframe system. Customers began buying clones from competing companies who promised quality similarRead More Mutation Essay1023 Words   |  5 PagesMutation Mutation, by Robin Cook, is a twisted and scientific adventure, of a mans dream to create the perfect son. He succeeds in his quest yet, his results are not what you might say praiseworthy. Victor, the main character, tried to create the perfect son. He later discovers that his so-called perfect son, VJ, is not who and what he thought. VJ is a mastermind who is obsessed with learning as much as he can, and kills whoever gets in his way. Tampering with genetic makeup and cloning

Inequality and Education Free Essays

Inequality and Education Brenda A Mota Adams City High School Inequality and Education has been such a big problem for many Americans around the United States. Many have written about and talked about the situation, but nobody has come up with a solution for it. There has been a shrinking of inequality between racial groups from 1970-1988, but since then the gap has grown again. We will write a custom essay sample on Inequality and Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Too many of American’s disadvantaged children grow up without the skills needed to thrive in the twenty-first century. Educational inequality is due to social and family background. Inequality and Education has become one of the most important political and social issues in the United States. During the last three decades the gap between the educational attainments of children raised in rich and poor families has widened dramatically. Also according to the most recent census report, about one-quarter of children under the age of 6 live in poverty. With Inequality and Education, many problems follow it. The situation is a puzzle† no one has the slightest idea what will work†. (Sabrina Taverns, 2012, paragraph 21). Their seems to be no solution to help fix this. It we may take a while to fix this problem but if we all come together we can probably all come up with a great solution that can work. According to Laura D’ Andrea Tyson, â€Å"’A mind is a terrible thing to waste†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. (2012, paragraph 21). So we should all be able to appreciate and be given an opportunity. Now there’s not that many solution to this problem. According to Sabrina Taverns,†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ the pattern of privileged families today in intensive cultivation†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. 2012, paragraph 12). One solution could be to get more poor and middle class people into education. Education can be a solution to inequality. More education would also benefit those in more in need. Professor Reardon says that â€Å"with income declines more severe in the lower brackets there’s a good chance the recession may widened the gap†. (Sabrina Taverns, 2012, paragraph 7). The American value is that ea ch individual should have the opportunity to realize his or her potential. So if we gave more children the opportunity to get some education it would benefit us all because this inequality in education problem would get a solution. All in all, Income inequality and education may take a while to fix but by getting more children their education and finding their potential that can help a little. Everyone has potential to become someone in life and get education it doesn’t matter what race or age you are. It shouldn’t even matter your family income. How to cite Inequality and Education, Essay examples

City Road free essay sample

Another would be that pedestrians seem to be favoured more so than motorists. For instance the islands in the middle of the road, they are there to make crossing City Road safer and more convenient to those who travel by foot. The island isn’t just the concrete mound in the middle of the road, it also includes the paint on the ground around it which cars are not allowed to drive over. Again, the bollards that were erected along the pavements are there to favour pedestrians. The reason why they were put there is to stop vehicles parking on the curbs, which was a problem before the bollards were put in place as the cars and lorries would park right over the pavements making it difficult for people to walk past and leaving less space for people with prams or wheelchairs to go round. Some things favour different groups because they appeal to different groups. We will write a custom essay sample on City Road or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Take for example the Taste Buds Cafe; one thing that struck me straight away was that the majority of the customers in there were predominantly female and mostly the older generation. They like to go in there because it appeals to them, it appeals to them because; The price is reasonable- a lot of the customers will be drawing a pension so keeping costs down is important to them, They feel safe- because there are regulars who go there and they get familiar with one another and that gives the customers a sense of safety because they know what to expect and Mr Suarez the cafe owner aids in the feeling of safety through being consistent in the way in which he runs his business. Also the menu is all home cooked and this is important to his customers. Because of all these factors, Mr Suarez’s cafe is geared more towards the older generation than the younger ones so in a sense it is favouring, although that isn’t altogether a bad thing. Lastly I would mention the security cameras. They are positioned all over City Road and they are there for a number of reasons, one reason is that a crime is less likely to be committed in an area which has CCTV (which deters people from offending) and also it makes people in the area feel safer knowing that these things are in place to not only aid in the catching of the people who commit the crimes but also that it is part of crime prevention too. CCTV is important on City Road because it does make the residence feel that little bit safer, a lot of them feel that the road is a bit â€Å"rough† and not the sort of place you would like to walk down at night, even though the local policeman denies that there is a problem with crime in the area. People just perceive it to be a crime hotspot, despite having little to no experience of any serious crimes having taken place on the road. Most of the material things on City Road favour one group over another but some inadvertently and some deliberately, the issue with the busses for example is inadvertent. They are not purposely designed to be inconvenient to a certain

Ethics and Governance for Organizations Cosmetic - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEthics and Governance for Organizations Merely Cosmetic. Answer: Is Formal Ethics Training in Organizations merely Cosmetic The sentencing guidelines of United States of America have endowed the firms with incentives to develop formal ethics programs with a view to promote ethical organizational cultures for reducing corporate offenses. However, critics often term the ethical programs as cosmetic. After the implementation of the formal ethical training for two years, a single training session, the training proved to have positive impact upon the organizations ethical culture (Ruiz-Palomino and Martnez-Caas 2014). This essay shall outline the arguments that support the promotion of the formal ethics training and formal ethics programs. The essay further discusses about the social theories that talks about the comprehensive ethics training and signifies ethical culture that is, values, beliefs and behaviors. There are different kinds of studies that shows that implementation of formal ethical training in an organization is beneficial for the organization. Although the training programs are different in various organizations, but most of the programs include certain common ingredients such as business conduct, ethics officers, formal codes of ethics and ethics committee. Recently, the sentencing guidelines of the United States have been amended that requires that every employees of the organization shall be provided with formal training programs (Goetschn and Davis 2014). These programs provide the organizations with an opportunity to not only communicate the procedure and standards of the organizations but also about the various aspects of the compliance and ethics programs of the company. The formal ethical trainings aim at encouraging ethical behavioral conduct and at the same time discourage any form of unethical behavioral conduct. However, it is upon the organization to exhibit the type of due diligence that is usually expected from such organizations. The phrase organizational culture refers to the culture that is prevalent within the organization that reflects in the values, beliefs and in the behavioral conduct of the organization and its members (Huhtala et al. 2013). Although the sentencing guidelines do not provide a precise definition for the formal ethics training and programs, it makes certain recommendations that relates to the components existing in the ethics training programs. A code of ethics is considered as an essential component of company culture and it is the responsibility of the organizations to promote the ethical policies effectively in order to benefit from the advantages associated with such ethical organizational culture. The code of ethics is perceived as an administrative formality, the advantages of which can only be realized by the employee if they remain committed to the code of ethics that is prevalent in the organization. The organizations must adopt such formal ethics programs that lay more emphasize on the ethics, acquiescence, and that which uses communication as a source of communication and interpretation (Warren, Gaspar and Laufer 2014). These are the fundamental features of formal ethical trainings that enables an organization to maintain an effective ethical organization culture. Despite the structure of the organization, the persons holding the top positions must set out the behavioral conduct that they are expected to exhibit. Ethical awareness commences from the head of an organization and is followed by the remaining employees. In other words, if the directors did not undergo any formal ethical training or if the organization does not provide a scope for formal training, it cannot be expected that the employees of the organization would undergo such training either (Steele et al. 2016). The Sentencing Guidelines provided by the US offer incentives and disincentives with a view to ensure effective organizational self-regulated ethical conduct. The concept of sentencing guidelines is based on theory of responsive regulation. According to that theory, self-regulation is considered as an optimal process that can be replaced only if there is an additional formal control in the event the firm experiences failure. The underlying notion behind the adoption of this responsive regulation is that such stringent firm regulations is essential for the growth and development of an organization which can be achieved through the formal ethics programs. As discussed above, with the implementation of the formal ethical training in an organization, it has led to several positive impacts on the organization. It is evident from the fact that the application of the ethical training has created positive atmosphere in the workplace and has fostered a sense of trust among the workers. Further, such a positive working environment enhances the morale of the employees, which is essential for any organization as it encourages the workers to communicate and interact with each other thoroughly. An open and effective communication channel is an essential feature of the formal ethical training that encourages the employees to work together as a team with a view to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. The implementation of the formal ethical training incorporates other essential values like accountability and integrity within the employees, which would further enable the company to attain its objectives. Several critics have raised questions about the ethical code as to whether ethical codes in organization actually work and assist the company to achieve higher goals. The use of the ethical code promotes ethical cultures in organizations that aim at guiding the employees and the management in making ethical decisions in the workplace (Kaptein 2015). The ethical code addresses different forms of issues in the organization that includes employee-management relationships, issues arising out of conflict of interests and other financial practices, etc. The term of code of ethics has been used as interchangeably with other terms such as code of business standard practices, code of conduct, etc. it is pertinent that the employees of an organization has a set of standard that they are required to follow in the workplace. Although several persons may not favor the implementation of formal ethical training in organizations as it is merely superficial and does not assists the employees to resolve any ethical issues, but it is also important for the employees to understand that they must take appropriate and reasonable steps to resolve such issues. The significance of formal ethical training lies in the fact that it acts as guidance for the managers and the employees while making any decisions relating to ethical issues (Medeiros et al. 2017). It also ensures the management of the fact that since the employees are provided with formal ethical training, they would maintain ethical organizational culture and act effectively towards the attainment of the goals and objectives of the organization. The implementation of the formal ethical training is subject to criticisms relating to the conflict of interests that might arise between the employers and the employees. The ethical training imparted to the employees requires them to comply with the ethical code that is in practice, within the organization and requires the management to be supportive of the ethical compliance program as well. In the event, the members of the management team decides to apply their own version of corporate ethics to manage the respective departments, it might lead to confusion in the workplace (Kashif, Zarkada and Ramayah 2016). For instance, if the management deals with sexual harassment or workplace bullying in a manner that does not comply with the ethical programs prevalent in the organization, it may set a precedent that would affect the entire organizational culture. Furthermore, the expenses incurred in formulating, applying and maintain the ethical training in an organization is high and the process is time-consuming as well. There is constant need to change and review the ethical policies of the organization as it grows, to signify the changes in the workplace culture and the laws of the organization. In order to administer the ethical program, it is necessary to appoint ethics office and requires commitment to the personnel resources and company financial (Ferrell and Fraedrich 2015). An organization is often compared to people because the organization often functions as a moral agent, which is accountable for its actions. The compliance programs are designed to avoid unlawful conduct and to act in conformity with the regulations that are exposed externally. Even though the organizational ethics refers to the image of the organization, it is the employees working in the organization, who exhibits illegal and unethical behavioral conduct. In regards to the issues that may arise in implementing the ethical training can be redressed if the management of an organization considers ethical culture in terms of a multi-system framework and must include both informal and formal systems in an aligned manner to support any ethical action and judgment. As discussed earlier, those who hold the top positions in the organization must set ethics as an effective management support as well as leadership is fundamental to encourage and motivate the workers to maintain the ethical culture within the organization (Kuntz et al. 2013). The formal system includes resources to implement programs that encourage ethical practices and the informal system includes the behavior of the leaders who demonstrates how the employees should maintain ethical culture within the organization. On one hand, the formal ethical training established by the United States, include policies, codes, selection systems, training programs and other formal decision pro cesses. On the other hand, the informal side includes the behavioral conduct, organizational rituals that prevent any form of unethical conduct within the organization. It is a fact that a formal ethical training does not assist the employees to handle every difficult situation in the organization, hence, should not be considered as an alternative for judgments made by individuals. The arguments suggest that ethical culture is perceived as multidimensional interplay between the formal and informal system of the organization that aims at promoting ethical or unethical behavior (Weaver 2014). It is also a fact that it incurs huge expenses to develop and implement the formal ethical training in an organization, but the outcome of the training enables the organization to provide an ethical workplace, which, in turns, encourages the employees to work more efficiently, and the result is the attainment of the company goals. Formal ethical training is not merely superficial but significant and it genuinely enables the employees and the managers to make ethical decisions ensuring that the employees are working towards the achievement of the goals and objectives of the organization (Crane and Matten 2016). The ethical training in any organization defines the values of the organization and strives to promote agreement among the organizational members, thus, strengthening the underlying culture in the organization. A formal ethical training actually enables an organization to achieve its aspired goals and objectives is evident from the fact that it enables an organization to pay more attention to the reporting and responding procedures within the organization. This is because it is important to clarify the process by which employees should report about any form of unethical behavior within the organization and it is also one of the essential features of a formal ethical training program to ensure that the employees of an organization is provided with a positive work atmosphere. Therefore, comprehensive ethical training defines unethical behavior and incorporates such behavior into the employees. After the implementation of the comprehensive formal ethical training and explication of the reporting process the employees would be engaged to report about any unethical behavior that they face within the organization (Hartman, DesJardins and MacDonald 2014). According to general training research, formal ethical training affects the organization in two possible ways. The theoretical perception consistent with the research on formal ethical training signifies that the impact of training disperses over time (Dane and Sonenshein 2015). The other theoretical view signifies that changes related to the training shall be self-reinstated, which would only strengthen the effect of the formal ethical raining. As per the general training research, the employees are required to be provided with training periodically as the trainings disperse over a long-term. From the above discussion, it can be observed that a willingness to behave ethically is related to the expectation that an organization shall appropriately respond to such ethical behavioral conduct. A positive perspective of organizational efficacy in redressing issues related to ethical behavior is related to the willingness of the employees to report about the unethical behavior. The organizations can self-regulates successfully when certain incentives and disincentives are provided and the implementation of the formal ethical training acts as a mechanism of strict self-regulation, which aims at promoting ethical organizational culture. The arguments pertaining to the features of ethical training itself, suggests that it is not merely cosmetic but it does significantly influences the decisions and the insight of the members of the organization. Reference Ruiz-Palomino, P. and Martnez-Caas, R., 2014. Ethical culture, ethical intent, and organizational citizenship behavior: The moderating and mediating role of personorganization fit.Journal of Business Ethics,120(1), pp.95-108. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Huhtala, M., Feldt, T., Hyvnen, K. and Mauno, S., 2013. Ethical organisational culture as a context for managers personal work goals.Journal of Business Ethics,114(2), pp.265-282. Warren, D.E., Gaspar, J.P. and Laufer, W.S., 2014. Is formal ethics training merely cosmetic? A study of ethics training and ethical organizational culture.Business Ethics Quarterly,24(1), pp.85-117. Steele, L.M., Mulhearn, T.J., Medeiros, K.E., Watts, L.L., Connelly, S. and Mumford, M.D., 2016. How do we know what works? A review and critique of current practices in ethics training evaluation.Accountability in research,23(6), pp.319-350. Kaptein, M., 2015. The effectiveness of ethics programs: The role of scope, composition, and sequence.Journal of business ethics,132(2), pp.415-431. Medeiros, K.E., Watts, L.L., Mulhearn, T.J., Steele, L.M., Mumford, M.D. and Connelly, S., 2017. What is Working, What is Not, and What We Need to Know: a Meta-Analytic Review of Business Ethics Instruction.Journal of Academic Ethics, pp.1-31. Kashif, M., Zarkada, A. and Ramayah, T., 2016. The impact of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on managers intentions to behave ethically.Total Quality Management Business Excellence, pp.1-21. Ferrell, O.C. and Fraedrich, J., 2015.Business ethics: Ethical decision making cases. Nelson Education. Kuntz, J.R.C., Kuntz, J.R., Elenkov, D. and Nabirukhina, A., 2013. Characterizing ethical cases: A cross-cultural investigation of individual differences, organisational climate, and leadership on ethical decision-making.Journal of Business Ethics,113(2), pp.317-331. Schwartz, M.S., 2013. Developing and sustaining an ethical corporate culture: The core elements.Business Horizons,56(1), pp.39-50. Weaver, G.R., 2014. Encouraging ethics in organizations: A review of some key research findings.Am. Crim. L. Rev.,51, p.293. Ford, R.C. and Richardson, W.D., 2013. Ethical decision making: A review of the empirical literature. InCitation classics from the Journal of Business Ethics(pp. 19-44). Springer Netherlands. Hartman, L.P., DesJardins, J.R. and MacDonald, C., 2014.Business ethics: Decision making for personal integrity and social responsibility. New York: McGraw-Hill. Dane, E. and Sonenshein, S., 2015. On the role of experience in ethical decision making at work: An ethical expertise perspective.Organizational Psychology Review,5(1), pp.74-96. Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press.

Language and Cultures

Cause and Effect Essay Paper Topics

Cause and Effect Essay Paper Topics Cause and effect essays explore how and why things happen. You could compare two events that seem distinct and separate to show a connection, or you could show the flow of events that occurred within one major event. In other words, you could explore rising tension in the US that concluded with the Boston Tea Party, or you could start with the Boston Tea Party as a political eruption and compare this event to a major event that followed much later, like the American Civil War. Solid Essay Content As with all essay writing, the text must start with an introduction to the subject, followed by the main thrust of the narrative, and finally finishing with a conclusion. For example, The Second World War was the result of building tensions throughout Europe. These tensions had effectively been building since the end of World War I but were increased dramatically when the Nazi party came to power in 1933, led by Adolf Hitler. The thrust of the essay could include the changing fortunes of the main armies, Germany and Japan on one side, and Russia, England and later America on the other. Crafting a Conclusion   Finally, the essay could be summarized or concluded with a look at the world after the signing of the unconditional surrender by the German army on May 8th, 1945. In addition, the essay could consider the lasting peace throughout Europe since the end of WWII, the division of Germany (East and West) and the establishment of the United Nations in October 1945. The choice of subject for an essay under the category cause and effect is important as some subjects (such as the example here of WWII) can be extensive and would be more suitable to an essay that requires a large word count. Alternatively, a topic such as Effects of Telling Lies (from the following list) could be relatively short. Interesting Cause and Effect Essay Topics If youre looking for inspiration for your topic, you may find ideas from the following list. The impact when a parent loses a jobThe Revolutionary War and slaveryFood poisoning causesRepercussions of cheating in schoolThe effects of exercisingHow bullying affects victimsHow severe acne affects teensEffects of telling liesThe impact of technology on family timeThe impact of technology on religionThe effects of smokingWhy friendships endThe effects of divorceThe effects of traveling abroadWhat would happen if aliens landed in your townWhat causes kids to try drugs for the first timeWhy ships sinkThe effects of poison ivyWhy weddings look the way they doHow Christmas trees became a part of American cultureEffects of eating too much junk foodThe impact of winning the lotteryThe effects of going without sleepWhat causes natural disastersThe effects of strip miningThe effects of the moon missionsEffects of the Black Death in the Middle AgesEarly trade patternsThe effects of over-fishingHow procrastination affects gradesThe events that led to the fall of Rome

Wrold history Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wrold history - Assignment Example The three topics that will guide the discussion on philosophy around the world include China, Ancient Greece, and Africa (and African Sage Philosophy). In terms of development, Chinese philosophy emerged from what scholars have called the Hundred Schools of Thought. It is a framework of thought and ideas that was characterized by both cultural and intellectual changes in different spheres of Chinese life. Consequently, in order to assist in the ease of understanding, the Schools of Thought were subdivided into Daoism, Confucianism, Legalism, and Naturalists among others. Contrastingly, for the Ancient Greece through its subdivisions of Pre-Socratic, Socratic, and Post-Socratic phases; concern with aspects of mathematics, ontology, and cosmology remain dominant. It is a scenario almost similar to the development of philosophy in Africa particularly in the belief of gods and spirits as medium of communication with ordinary human beings (Wiredu 134). Therefore, the inclusion of the Afri can Sage connote the important of traditions as often seen West Africa to explain various cosmologies such as those of Dahomey, Dogon, and Akan. It means the development of the aforementioned philosophies have had significant impact upon their individual societies; effects still today. The Chinese philosophy, for instance, has doctrines such as Dao (the Way, or one’s doctrine), Qi (material force or vital energy), and Li (principle) among others. These doctrines are applicable in Chinese life to help in differentiating between masculine and feminine roles. Alternatively, there is also the idea of relating man and nature from the perspective of monotheistic deity. It is replicated in Ancient Greece philosophy in regards to influencing contemporary thought that helped in shaping disciplines namely Literature, Philosophy, and Psychology (Preus

Legal Personality and Limited Liability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legal Personality and Limited Liability - Essay Example The law is prepared sometimes to examine the company faade and this process is described as piercing or lifting the corporate veil. The fact that a company is a unit that is thought as legal and free from its owners can sometimes produce undesirable results. For instance, shareholders can obtain funds illegally and then be regarded as not liable to repay or in a case where the directors are liable of fraudulent activities. The courts have been forced to intervene in some circumstances and disregard the doctrine of limited liability and corporate personality especially the case of group companies and their subsidiaries where the entity form is being manipulated as a tool to commit fraud. The case of Salomon Vs Salomon & Co. Ltd in 1987 established the irrevocability position in common law of legal personality and limited liability of companies (Butterworth, 1960, p.6). Some of the circumstances that lead to court intervention include the following: trading with an enemy, the case for sham companies, failure to comply with the legislation laws, fraudulent and wrongful trading, disqualified director's actions and statutory power abuse. For instance if a company is a sham one i.e. formed to enable one avoid obligations such as tax, the court may act to ignore the company's existence. In case the court discovers that a fraud is committed, it is prep... The fraud will notably be a case where a company owner used the company intentionally to deny his creditors their legal rights. It discourages Solomon principle to act as a vehicle of fraud. The exemption which illustrates fraud are found in Gilford Motor Ltd Vs Jones Lipman. In this case, Mr. Horne who was as ex -employee of the company incorporated another limited company in his spouse's name. In so doing, he solicited the clients of Gilford Motor ltd as his employment contract held it clear that he cannot solicit customers of the organization. The court held that the company's idea behind its formation was to commit fraud and to mask Mr. Hornes' effective continuation of the business. The court held that it was a sham to mask his wrongdoings as it was very clear that the objective of incorporating that company was to commit fraud. The court at it discretion may impose liability on people liable for carrying out the business with an intention of defrauding the creditors at the wind ing up of the business. The directors are also liable if they sign a cherub or a bill of exchange on company's behalf and fail to include the company's name, omits a word or writes it incomplete (Oliver, 1971, p.66). Common law provides for separate legal entity of a company and the court disregarded this legal personality and instead has investigated the shareholders personal quality or those who usually controls the company. The reason behind this is because it is the public interest to make sure that the company is not run by an undesirable person and that it is not under any criminal element. Trading with an enemy especially during the time of war is another instance that leads to lifting of the veil of incorporation. In Daimler Company

The Block Cave Mining Method

The Block Cave Mining Method Block caving is a large-scale underground mining method applicable to the extraction of low-grade, massive ore bodies. With the amount of literature available on block caving this report identifies the need to provide a simple understanding of the process. Understanding a production process of a block cave mine is an important aspect before getting involved with technical aspects of the mine. This report attempts to give an introduction into the production process of a block cave mine and also an understanding about block caving. The document has been split into four chapters, Chapter One gives a basic understanding of the method and highlights the considerations that have to be made before the implementation of a block cave mine. Chapter Two gives an introduction into the production process involved in a block cave mine by taking into account four major levels involved in production. The production process has been described in the form of a flow chart for simple understanding of the process. Chapter Three outlines the significance of production control and production management in order to increase productivity of the mine. Chapter Four outlines some of the safety and risks involved in a block cave mine and the necessary precautions to be taken in order to increase safety. This report has been intended to provide a simple understanding of the block cave mining method and the production process involved. This report is advocated towards a layman in block caving in view of getting an impression about the block cave mining method. Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Block Caving Block caving is an underground mining method applicable to the extraction of low-grade, massive ore bodies with the following characteristics: large vertical and horizontal dimensions, a rock mass that will break into pieces of manageable size, and a surface that is allowed to subside. These rather unique conditions limit block caving to particular types of mineral deposits. Block caving is used for extracting iron ore, low-grade copper, molybdenum  deposits, and diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes. 1.1.1 Block Caving Method A large slice of material is blasted at the base of the ore body which creates an instability within the orebody, inducing the breakdown and mobilization of ore to the production level through the breakdown of ore and waste due to the natural pattern of breakages, development of stresses in the active caving area, and the low strength of the rock mass. The size and shape of the undercut depends on the characteristics of the rock mass. Excavations are created at the production level at base of the orebody to draw out the broken material. A large amount of development expenditure is required to set up the facilities to break the lowest level of the ore body, and all the broken rock is extracted out of the block cave through a system of drawbells. Once the caving is initiated, operating cost of the block cave is very low comparable to the operating costs in open pit mining. Once caving is initiated, production can be ramped up until the production rate is almost equal to the caving rate. The undercut is advanced in the horizontal plane to create greater areas of caving for increasing the production.   Rock breakage occurs only in the caving areas, induced by undercutting, and has low drilling and blasting cost; some amount of blasting may be required at the drawpoints1  to break some of the large rocks coming through the drawbell, especially during the initial stages of draw. Most block caves these days are highly mechanized with large number of large LHDs (load-haul-dump machines) working at the lower levels, though smaller orebodies can also be caved and extracted using gravity draw systems with orepasses2  and slushers3. The development of a conventional gravity flow system of block caving involves Figure Conventional Gravity Flow System http://technology.infomine.com/reviews/BlockCaving/assets/images/BlockCaving1.jpgSource: Infomine Block Caving A spot where gravity fed ore from a higher level is loaded into hauling units A vertical or inclined passage for the downward transfer of ore A mechanical drag shovel loader an undercut where the rock mass underneath the block is fractured by blasting; drawbells beneath the undercut that gather the rock into finger raises4; finger raises that draw rock from drawbells to the grizzlies; a grizzly level where oversized blocks are caught and broken up; a lower set of finger raises that channel ore from grizzlies to chutes for train loading the finger raises are arranged like the branches of a tree, gathering ore from a large area at the undercut level and further channeling material to chutes at the haulage level; and a lowermost level where ore is prepared for train haulage and chute loading. When LHDs are used, the development required is considerably less complex and involves Undercut Levelhttp://www.edumine.com/xcourse/xblock101/docs/figures/images/10002x.jpg Extraction LevelSource: Infomine Block Caving 4 Steeply sloping openings permitting caved ore to flow down raises through grizzlies to chutes on the haulage level an undercut where the rock mass underneath the block is fractured by blasting; drawbells constructed between the undercut and extraction levels; an extraction level with drawpoints at the base of drawbells; and an ore haulage system to collect, crush and transport the ore out of the mine. Underground Mining Methods Unsupported Artificially Supported Pillar SUpported Shrink Stoping Bench and Fill Stoping Room and Pillar Sublevel Mining Longwall Mining Sublevel and Longhole Open Stoping Block and Panel Caving VCR Stoping Cut and Fill Stoping 1.1.2 History of Block Caving Late 19th century:  precursor to modern block caving developed in the Pewabic iron ore mine, Michigan, USA Early 20th century:  the block caving method developed in the USA for iron ore and then copper mining in the western states 1920s:  block caving started in Canada and Chile Late 1950s:  block caving introduced into southern African diamond mines and then chrysotile asbestos  mines Late 1960s:  LHD vehicles developed for underground mining 1970:  LHDs used with block caving at El Salvador mine, Chile 1981:  mechanised panel caving introduced in the primary ore at El Teniente mine, Chile 1990s:  planning of the new generation of block caves with larger block heights in stronger orebodies (e.g. Northparkes, Palabora) 2000s:  planning and development of super block caves under existing open pit mines (Grasberg, Chuquicamata, Bingham Canyon) and at great depth (Resolution Copper) http://www.edumine.com/xcourse/xblock101/docs/figures/images/10003x.jpg Source: Infomine Block Caving 1.2 Management Organizational Chart Mine Manager Technical Services Superintendent Technical Services Superintendent Mine Superintendent Human Resource Logistics Electrical Mechanical Cave Development Cave Production Ventilation Projects Geo-Technology Geology Survey Long Term Planner Short Term Planner Design The organizational chart might differ based on the requirements of a specific mine. 1.2.1 Managerial Responsibilities: Mine Manager is responsible for the overall management, direction and coordination of the mine and related operations. Mine Managers are also intended to provide the technical leadership in the area of underground mine engineering.   The focus of the Mine Manager should be on the following subjects Ensuring underground mining activities are conducted in accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Act and Regulations and environmental standards Complying with all safety requirements Observing all company policies and procedures Assisting with the development of production targets Ensuring production targets are met or exceeded Developing schedules, budget and ensuring these are controlled and managed effectively Monitoring production results on a progressive basis and preparing monthly progress and variance reports Maintaining effective working relationships with Contractors, Suppliers and Service Providers, and ensuring adherence to contractual requirements Developing a sense of continuous improvement Ensuring appropriate training programs are in place to meet safety and production requirements Maintaining knowledge of current statutory requirements and industry best practices and ensuring compliance at all times Interphases with other managers and superintendents as part of the management team Reviewing mining methods Implementing optimisation programs where appropriate Managing manpower levels to achieve their performance 1.3 Parameters to be considered before the implementation of cave mining Twenty five parameters that should be considered before the implementation of any cave mining operation are set out in Table 1. Many of the parameters are uniquely defined by the orebody and the mining system. No. Parameters Considerations 1 Cavability Rockmass Strength Rockmass Structure In situ stress Hydraulic radius of orebody Water 2 Primary Fragmentation Rockmass strength Geological structures Joint/fracture spacing Joint condition ratings Stress or subsidence caving Induced stress 3 Drawpoint Spacing Fragmentation Overburden load and direction Friction angles of caved particles Practical excavation size Stability of host tockmass Induced Stress 4 Draw Heights Capital Orebody geometry Excavation stability 5 Layout Fragmentaion Drawpoint spacing and size Method of draw 6 Rockburst Potential Regional and induced stresses Rockmass Strength Structures Mining Sequence 7 Sequence Cavability Orebody geometry Induced stresses Geological environment Influence on adjacent operations Rockburst potential Production requirements Water inflow No. Parameters Considerations 8 Undercutting Sequence Regional stresses Rockmass strength Rockburst potential Rate of advance Ore requirements 9 Induced Cave Stresses Regional stresses Area of undercut Shape of undercut Rate of undercutting Rate of draw 10 Drilling Blasting Rockmass strength Powder factor Rockmass stability Required fragmentation Height of undercut 11 Development Layout Sequence Production Drilling and blasting 12 Excavation Stability Rockmass strength Regional and induced stresses Rockburst potential Excavation size Draw height Mining Sequence 13 Primary Support Excavation stability Rockburst potential Brow stability 14 Practical Excavation Size Rockmass strength Insitu stress Induced stress Caving stress Secondary blasting 15 Draw Method Fragmentation Practical drawpoint spacing Practical size of excavation 16 Draw Rate Fragmentation Method of draw Percentage hangups Secondary breaking requirements 17 Drawpoint Interaction Drawpoint spacing Fragmentation Time frame of working drawpoints No. Parameters Considerations 18 Draw Column Stresses Draw-column height Fragmentation Homogenity of ore fragmentation Draw control Height-to-base ratio Direction of draw 19 Secondary Fragmentation Rock- block shape Draw height Draw rate-time dependent failure Rock-block workability Range in fragmentation size Draw control program 20 Secondary Blasting Secondary fragmentation Draw method Drawpoint size Size of equipment and grizzly spacing 21 Dilution Orebody geometry Fragmentation range of unpay ore and waste Grade distribution of pay and unpay ore Mineral distribution in ore Drawpoint interaction Secondary breaking Draw control 22 Tonnage Drawn Level interval Drawpoint spacing Dilution percentage 23 Support Repair Tonnage drawn Point and column loading Secondary blasting 24 Extraction Mineral distribution Method of draw Rate of draw Dilution percentage Ore losses 25 Subsidence Major geological structures Rockmass strength Induced stresses Depth of mining Source: Laubsher Chapter Two -Production Process 2.1 Block Cave Mining System In a Block Cave Mine there are four major levels that contribute to the production of the mine. The levels that have been taken into account here are Extraction Undercut Haulage Ventilation In a natural progression of a block cave mine the infrastructure that need to be built before the start of caving includes Primary access to the production levels (ramps and shafts) Extraction level excavations Haulage and Ventilation level excavations; and Crushing and ore transport facilities. While most of these excavations need to be created before the start of caving operations, construction of some extraction, haulage and ventilation level drifts can be planned just in advance of actual caving operations. Each of these levels is given a brief introduction and the production process for each level are outlined from collecting data from different sources. The information flow in the form of a flow chart is provided for ease of understanding the process. The information flow chart provided is implemented from personal experience and its objective is to provide an impression on the production process of an underground block cave mine. 2.2 Extraction Level The extraction level is the main production level in a block cave operation. All the ore from the block cave is drawn through draw points at the extraction level and then transferred to haulage level through a system of ore passes or a fleet of LHDs. Since this is the main production level, it is developed and supported to counter the stresses and displacements that can be expected during the life of the drawpoints at the level. The arrangement of drawpoints, drawbells and other excavations on the extraction or production level is referred to as the extraction level layout. The development of the extraction level and the drawbells creates two types of pillars. The major apex is the shaped structure or pillar above the extraction level formed between two adjacent drawpoints but separated by the extraction or production drift. The minor apex is the shaped structure or pillar formed between two adjacent drawbells on the same side of the extraction drift. The drawpoint spacing, the drawpoint width, and the distance between the undercut and extraction levels are all designed based on the fragmentation expected within the block cave. The ground support installed in the excavations at the extraction level is based on the characteristics of the rock mass and the expected stress levels at different locations. 2.2.1. Drawbells The ideal shape of the drawbell is like a bell, so that ore can flow to the drawpoint. However it is a compromise between strength and shape. The major and minor apexes must have sufficient strength to last out the life of the draw. It needs to be established how much influence the shape of the drawbell has on interaction. It has always been an empirical point that shaped drawpoints improve ore recovery as the ore should have better flow characteristics than a drawbell with vertical faces and a large flat top major apex. The time consuming operation is creating the drawbell. The undercut technique also determines the shape of the major apex and importantly the shape of the drawbell. The draw rate from the drawbells is an important factor in that it must provide space for caving; also it must not be too fast to create a large air gap and possible air-blasts. If the draw rate is too fast seismic activity will occur. Production must be based on this value and not rely on economic factors such as short term return on investment that ignores long term consequences. There is also the fact that a slow draw rate will mean improved fragmentation. 2.2.2 Extraction Level Production Process Planning Design Equipment/People Decision Making Ground Support Drawbells Drifts Ground Support Development Pathways Ventilation Ventilation Blast Hang ups Drawpoint Undercutting Secondary Blasting Ore Removal LHDs Ore pass full Ore Pass Haulage Level Secondary Ore pass Crusher 2.3 Undercut Level The process of undercutting creates instability at the base of the block being caved. Block cave mining is based on the principle that when a sufficiently large area of a block has been undercut by drilling and blasting, the overlying block of ore will start to cave under the influence of gravity. The process will continue until caving propagates through the entire block surface or to the open pit above, unless a stable shape is achieved. The purpose of the undercut level is therefore to remove a slice of sufficient area near the base of the block to start the caving of the ore above. The undercut level is developed at the base of the block to be caved. The caving of the block is initiated by mining an undercut area until the hydraulic radius of the excavation reaches a critical value. As the broken ore above it will collapse into the void so created. Vertical propagation of the cave will then occur in response to the continued removal of broken ore through the active drawpoints. The horizontal propagation of the cave will occur as more drawpoints are brought into operation under the undercut area. 2.3.1 Undercutting Undercutting is the most important process in cave mining. As not only is a complete undercut necessary to induce a cave, but the design and the sequencing of the undercut is important to reduce the effects of the induced abutment stress. It is essential that the undercut is continuous and it should not be advanced is there is a possibility that pillars will be left. This rule which is often ignored owing to the problems in re-drilling holes, results in the leaving of pillars resulting in the collapse of large areas and consequent high ore losses. The undercut technique also determines the shape of the major apex and importantly the shape of the drawbell. Care must be taken that there is no stacking of large blocks on the major apex as this could prevent cave propagation. 2.3.2 Undercutting Techniques Conventional The conventional undercutting sequence is to develop the drawbell and then to break the undercut into the drawbell. Henderson Technique The Henderson Mine technique of blasting the drawbell with long holes from the undercut level just ahead of blasting the undercut reduces the time interval in which damage can occur. They have also found it necessary to delay the development of the drawbell drift until the drawbell has to be blasted. Advance Undercut The advance undercut technique means that the drawpoints and drawbells are developed after the undercut has passed over, so that the abutment stresses are located in the massive rock mass with only the production drift. 2.3.3 Undercut Level Production Process Design Planning Development Equipment/People Decision Making Ground Support Ventilation Drifts Pathways Undercutting Ore Removal Haulage Level LHDs Crusher Muck Removal LHDs Ore Pass Waste Dump 2.4 Haulage and Ventilation Level The haulage and ventilation levels lie below the extraction level. They need to be developed with adequate excavations to handle the quantity of broken ore and ventilating air streams required for the designed production rates, equipment and manpower employed within the block cave. Facilities for storing, crushing and conveying the broken ore to the mill need to be developed at the haulage level. The larger excavations required for the crushers, ore bins and conveyor transfer stations need to be located outside the zone of influence of the stresses due to the block cave, and adequate ground support will need to be installed to ensure that the excavations are stable during their expected life. The excavations and levels must be placed far enough apart so that there is limited interaction between numerous excavations created to move the ore from the production level to the milling facilities at the surface. 2.4.1 Haulage Level Much of the development of the infrastructure for a block cave operation is completed during the pre-production stage though some haulage lines and ventilation drifts and raises may be deferred to later in the life of the block cave. Scheduling the development of haulage and ventilation drifts needs careful planning so that the required facilities are in-place well in advance of their requirement. Though there is some flexibility in the development of these levels since they are different elevations and lie below the extraction level, the preliminary layouts need to be prepared so that the flow of materials, ore and ventilating air can be integrated without interruption as the block cave progresses. 2.4.2 Ventilation Level Ventilation Levels are normally developed between the haulage and the extraction levels. During the development phase air is streamed through the undercut and extraction levels to the working faces and exhausted through the raises to the ventilation level. During production, air is coursed through the extraction level and exhausted through the ventilation raises to the exhaust side of the ventilation level. Additional air is provided at the working areas through ventilation raises which connect to the intake of the ventilation level 2.4.3 Haulage Level Information Chart Scoop Ore Removal Haulage Level Haul Distance Optimization LHDs Crusher Figure Haulage Level Information Chart 2.4.4 Ventilation Level Information Chart Auxillary Ventilation Intake Raise Exhaust Raise Fresh Air Exhaust Air Drifts Pathways Fans/Vent Ducts Chapter Three Production Control 3.1 Departments in a block cave mine involved in Production Control Design Planning Geology Geo-technology Ventilation Maintenance Cave Development/Production Survey Construction Electrical Mechanical Human Resource Safety In a Mine Environment each and every department plays a crucial role to keep the Mine running and to meet the production targets. Problems associated with these departments no matter how small they may be contribute damage in their own way to dampen the production. Production planning for block cave operations can be complex. The factors to be considered include geotechnical constraints, cave shape, draw point development sequence, draw point productivity, production block limits such as loader capacity and ore pass capacity and variable shut-off grade mining costs. The nature of the problem also changes during the life of a cave from initial production build up to final closure. Overall objective for production planning should be to maximize productivity, some of the aspects of production planning include Minimum/Maximum tonnage per period Maximum total tonnage per draw point Ratio of tonnage from current drawpoint compared with other drawpoints. Height of draw of current draw point with respect to other drawpoints Percentage drawn for current draw point with respect to other drawpoints Maximum tonnage from selected groups of drawpoints in a period. 3.2. Production Control Major Concerns 3.2.1 Fragmentation Rock fragmentation is the fragment size distribution of blasted rock material, in caving operations fragmentation has a bearing on Drawpoint spacing Dilution entry into the draw column Draw control Drawpoint productivity Secondary blasting/breaking costs Secondary blasting damage Primary Fragmentation Caving results in primary fragmentation which can be defined as the particle size that separates from the cave back and enters the draw column. The data to be considered for the calculation of the primary fragmentation is In situ rock mass ratings Intact rock strength Mean joint spacing and maximum and minimum spacing Orientation of cave front Induced stresses Secondary Fragmentation Secondary fragmentation is the reduction in size of the primary fragmentation particle as it moves down through the draw column. The processes to which particles are subjected to, determine the fragmentation size distribution in the drawpoints. The data to be considered for the calculation of the primary fragmentation is The effect of fines cushioning Draw strategy and draw rate Rock block strength Shape of fragments Frictional properties of fragments Column height Fragmentation is the major factor that determines productivity from a drawpoint. Fine material will ensure high productivity. 3.2.2 Draw control Draw control is one of the major concerns that need to be optimized in order to increase productivity of the mine. Geomechanical issues related to draw control have played a dominant role in efforts to reduce stress and improve fragmentation and reduce dilution. Draw control is the practice of controlling the tonnages drawn from individual drawpoints with the object of Minimising dilution and maintaining the planned ore grade. Ensuring maximum ore recovery with minimum dilution. Avoiding damaging load concentrations on the extraction horizon. Avoiding the creation of conditions that could lead to air blasts or mud-rushes. The following have to be considered for draw control strategy in order to maximize productivity, Any factors observed during the start of caving that will influence the planned caving and drawdown processes. Control the draw from the first tonnage into the drawpoint. Define the potential tonnages and grades that will be available from each drawpoint. The draw control system must be fully operational. Confirm that the planned draw strategy is correct. The recording and analysis of the tonnages drawn, this important aspect is often not treated with the required respect. Managing the draw by following the adopted draw strategy. Define how the control is to be monitored, maintained and audited. Planning for how the draw column would behave with time. An estimation of the remaining tonnages and grade for future production scheduling and planning. Personnel must be aware of the definition of isolated drawpoint. Ensure the drawpoints are clearly and correctly identified underground. There must be reporting system to record and describe why allocated drawpoints have not been drawn. Ensure secondary breakings are done effectively and efficiently. Develop standard procedure for close drawpoints. Draw control is what block caving is about, the reasons for and the principles of draw control must be clearly understood by all operating personnel. Preparation of orebody must be done in a sound way so that preventable problems do not hamper the draw control. 3.2.3 Secondary Breaking Irrespective of the method of primary blasting employed, it may be necessary to reblast a proportion of the rock which can then be handled by the loading, hauling and crushing system. There are four types of problems that cause a need for secondary breaking, High hang-ups are where a large fragment lies across the entrance to the draw bell up to 19m above the footwall. This type of hang up is very rare though, and it is more common that this will only occur up to a distance of 5 m above the draw point floor. Rock jumble is where several ore fragments of rock smaller than two cubic meters form an arch in a drawbell. This is found to occur especially in the troat of the drawpoint. Low hang up is a large fragment of over two cubic metres hanging in the troat or on the floor of a draw point clocking the flow of ore. Draw point oversize is any large fragment over two cubic metres on the floor of a draw point and effectively prevents loading by LHDs. Some of the techniques that are in use for secondary breaking are as follows, Concussion blasting Drill and blast Emulsion secondary blasting Robust hydro fracturing breaking system There are many products on the market today that promise effective secondary breaking of both hang-ups and boulders, including cone packs, the quick draw system, the boulder buster and the penetrating cone fracture technique. In order to choose a secondary breaking method with respect to productivity the following need to considered and evaluated, Explosive quantities Labour and Equipment requirements Fragmentation Safety 3.3 Significance of Production Management